iti 18 April 2025

πŸ–₯️ Computer Components and Windows Operating System

πŸ”§ Introduction

In this topic, we will learn about the basic parts of a computer and how the Windows Operating System works. These concepts are essential for every ITI student to understand how a computer operates in practical life.

πŸ’» Main Components of a Computer

  • 1. CPU (Central Processing Unit): The brain of the computer where all processing is done.
  • 2. Monitor: A screen that displays output from the computer.
  • 3. Keyboard: Input device used for typing commands and data.
  • 4. Mouse: A pointing device used to interact with the computer screen.
  • 5. RAM (Random Access Memory): Temporary memory where active programs and files are stored.
  • 6. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or SSD: Storage device where data and programs are saved permanently.
  • 7. SMPS: Power supply unit that converts electricity to usable power for computer parts.
  • 8. Motherboard: The main circuit board where all hardware components are connected.

πŸͺŸ Windows Operating System

The Windows Operating System is a software that acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware. It helps us to use programs, manage files, and control hardware devices easily.

✨ Features of Windows OS:

  • Easy to use Graphical User Interface (GUI)
  • Supports multitasking (running more than one application at a time)
  • Drag and drop functionality
  • Supports a wide range of software applications

πŸ–ΌοΈ Desktop Components:

  • Taskbar: Shows open applications and system time.
  • Start Menu: Access to installed programs and system settings.
  • Icons: Shortcuts to files, folders, and applications.
  • File Explorer: Used to browse folders and manage files.

πŸ› οΈ Basic Tasks in Windows

  • Turning the computer ON and OFF properly
  • Creating, renaming, and deleting files/folders
  • Installing and uninstalling software
  • Using Control Panel for system settings
  • Using accessories like Paint, Notepad, Calculator

πŸ” Importance of Operating System

Without an operating system, a computer is useless. It helps the user interact with hardware in a friendly and safe way.

  • Manages hardware resources
  • Runs and controls applications
  • Provides a user interface
  • Ensures file and system security

πŸ“Œ Summary

  • A computer is made up of hardware (physical parts) and software (programs).
  • Windows OS is the most common operating system used in homes and offices.
  • It makes computer operation easy with its GUI and system management features.
  • ITI students must know how to operate Windows and handle basic system tasks.